Ordinance Number 795ORDINANCE NO. 795
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AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO,
CALIFORNIA, AMENDING TITLE 2, CHAPTER 2, ARTICLE 9, OF THE
MUNICIPAL CODE RELATING TO MOBILE HOME RENT CONTROL
THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO, CALIFORNIA, DOES
HEREBY ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. Amendment,
Title 2, Chapter 2, Article 9, is hereby amended in its entirety in accordance with
Exhibit "A," attached hereto.
RIX" NCOMMENEEIM-RKTi Its
This Ordinance shall take effect and be in force thirty (30) days after its passage.
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The City Clerk shall certify to the adoption of this Ordinance and cause the same
to be posted at the duly designated posting places within the City and published once within fifteen
(15) days after passage and adoption as required by law; or, in the alternative, the City Clerk may
cause to be published a summary of this Ordinance and a certified copy of the text of this
Ordinance shall be posted in the Office of the City Clerk five (5) days prior to the date of adoption
of this Ordinance; and, within fifteen (15) days after adoption, the City Clerk shall cause to be
published the aforementioned summary and shall post a certified copy of this Ordinance, together
with the vote for and against the same, in the Office of the City Clerk.
ATTEST:
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 6th day of
1997.
DAVID M.cSWERDLIN, MAYOR
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STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF ORANGE ) ss
CITY OF SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO )
I, CHERYL JOHNSON, City Clerk of the City of San Juan Capistrano,
California, DO HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing is a true and correct copy of Ordinance
No. 795 which was introduced at a meeting of the City Council of the City of San Juan
Capistrano, California, held on peril 15 , 1997, and adopted at a
meeting held on May 6 , 1997, by the following vote:
AYES: Council Members Jones, Greiner, Hart and
Mayor Swerdlin
NOES: None
ABSTAIN: None
ABSENT: Council Member Campbell
(SEAL) 22�
CHERYL JOHN, CITY CLERK
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EXHIBIT "A"
"Sec. 2-2.901. Findings.
The Council finds and determines that:
(a) There is presently, within the City and the surrounding areas, a shortage of spaces
for the location of mobile homes, resulting in a low vacancy rate and rising space rents.
(b) Mobile home owners have invested substantial sums in their mobile homes and
appurtenances.
(c) Alternative sites for the relocation of mobile homes are difficult to find, and the
moving and installation of mobile homes is expensive, with possibilities of damage to the units.
The Council, accordingly, does find and declare that it is necessary to protect the residents
of mobile homes from unreasonable space rent increases, recognizing the need of mobile home
park owners to receive a fair, just, and reasonable return. (Sec. 1, Ord. 439, eff. November 3,
1981, as amended by Sec. 1, Ord. 507, eff. May 3, 1984.)
See. 2-2.902. Deimition.
For the purposes of this article, unless otherwise apparent from the context, certain words
and phrases used in this article are defined as follows:
(a) "Assessment" shall mean the entire allocation of the cost of installing, improving,
repairing, or maintaining any capital improvement benefiting the resident.
(b) "Committee" shall mean the Housing Advisory Committee established under Title
2, Chapter 2, Article 2 of this Code.
(c) "Consumer Price Index" shall mean the Consumer Price Index for all urban
consumers (CPI -U) published for the Los Angeles -Long Beach -Anaheim area.
(d) "Maximum allowable increase" shall mean the maximum allowable increase in
mobile home space rent an owner may charge, unless a higher increase is approved by the City
after a petition and hearing as provided in this article. The maximum allowable increase shall be
provided in this subsection (d) and shall be determined by either of the following formulae an
owner may choose to apply:
(1) Take the operating expenses of the park for the twelve (12) month period
immediately preceding the date upon which notification of any rent increase is to be made;
multiply that sum by the percentage of increase in the CPI -U appearing in the latest published
Consumer Price Index to arrive at the maximum allowable annual increase in rent for the entire
park; and divide the number of units in the park to compute the maximum allowable annual rent
increase (in dollars) for each space; or
(2) Secure the percentage of annual increase in the CPI -U for the calendar year
immediately preceding the one in which the rental adjustment is being made; multiply that figure
by the rent to be adjusted to arrive at the maximum allowable rent increase percentage per year;
and apply that product to each space rent.
(3) Effective April 1, 1988, the maximum allowable increase for rental
adjustments occurring under this subsection shall be based upon the percentage of annual rise in
the CPI -U for the previous calendar year. Any rental increase occurring between October 1, 1987
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and March 31, 1988 shall be subject to the maximum allowable increase computed with the annual
rise of the CPI -U for the 1986 calendar year.
(4) The percentage increase computed by either of the methods set forth in this
subsection shall be applied to each space and shall not be applied to the park's mean rent.
Moreover, there shall be no more than one increase in space rents within a park during any twelve
(12) month period without the prior approval of the City.
(5) The occurrence of a vacancy in either a space within a park or a mobile
home unit on a space within a park shall not result in a space rental increase in excess of the
percentage increase allowed once during any twelve (12) month period by this subsection, unless
it results from a petition duly heard and approved pursuant to Section 2-2.905.
(e) "Owner" shall mean the owner, lessor, or designated agent of a park.
(f) "Park" shall mean a mobile home park which rents spaces for mobile home
dwelling units.
(g) "Rent" shall mean the consideration charged solely for the use and occupancy of
a mobile home space in a park and shall not include any amount paid for the use of the mobile
home dwelling unit or for facilities or amenities in a park, other than a mobile home space, or any
other fees or charges regulated by a governmental agency and charged to residents on an actual
usage and/or cost basis.
(h) "Resident" shall mean any person entitled to occupy a mobile home dwelling unit
pursuant to the ownership thereof or a rental or lease arrangement with the owner of the subject
dwelling unit. (Sec. 1, Ord. 439, eff. November 3, 1981, as amended by Sec. 1, Ord. 456, eff.
June 3, 1982, Sec. 1, Ord. 507, eff. May 3, 1984, and Sec. 1, Ord. 602.)
Sec. 2-2.903. Petition and hearing process
regarding rent increases.
(a) Petition and hearing procedure. Upon the filing with the secretary of a written
petition concerning a proposed or actual increase in rent filed by an owner or by residents who
reside in and represent more than fifty (50%) percent of the inhabited spaces within a park,
excluding management, a hearing thereon shall be conducted by a Hearing Officer within sixty
(60) calendar days, or as soon thereafter as is reasonably practicable, after the filing of the
petition.
The hearing shall be conducted only in the event the petition is filed with the secretary
thirty (30) calendar days following the effective date of the rent increase which is the subject of
the petition.
The Hearing Officer shall be chosen and a hearing conducted in accordance with the
Hearing Officer procedure established by the Council.
(b) Purpose of hearings. At the hearing on such petition, the Hearing Officer shall
conduct an investigation to determine if the rent increase in question exceeds the maximum
allowable increase as defined in subsection (d) of Section 2-2.902 of this article. If the Hearing
Officer concludes that the rent increase exceeds the maximum allowable increase, the Hearing
Officer shall then continue the hearing by receiving all relevant evidence for the purpose of
rendering findings and conclusions as to the propriety of the rent increase in accordance with the
criteria set forth in subsection (g) of this section.
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The Hearing Officer may require either party to a hearing on the petition to provide any
books, records, and papers deemed pertinent, in addition to that information previously set forth
by the parties.
(c) Hearing Officer recommendations. Within thirty (30) days after concluding the
hearing, the Hearing Officer shall render written findings and conclusions as to the propriety of
the rent increase to the Housing Advisory Committee. The Hearing Officer recommendations
shall not be binding.
(d) Committee reviews of Hearing Officer findings. The Housing Advisory Committee
shall review the findings and conclusions of the Hearing Officer at its next available meeting. Its
scope of review shall be limited to the written record consisting of the evidence received by the
Hearing Officer, written arguments of the parties, findings of the Hearing Officer, other relevant
matters as compiled by the secretary of the Committee, and additional oral or written arguments
the parties may wish to make. However, the Committee shall not receive or consider any
additional evidence.
The Housing Advisory Committee shall give ten (10) days prior written notice of its
meeting to the parties.
(e) Council reviews. The Council shall review the findings of the Hearing Officer and
the recommendations of the Housing Advisory Committee as soon as reasonably practicable. The
Council shall not reopen the hearing held by the Hearing Officer for the purpose of receiving new
evidence unless, in the discretion of the Council, it is necessary to do so.
The Council may affirm, modify, or reverse the rent increase in question, but in no case
require a reduction lower than the maximum allowable increase.
The Council shall render written findings in support of its conclusions within thirty (30)
days after its meeting, and the decision of the Council shall be final.
(f) Return of excess rents collected. Any rent increases which are collected by an
owner pursuant to an increase which is the subject of a petition for hearing, and which later is
determined by the Council to exceed the maximum allowable increase, or such greater increase
as the Council approves, shall be either returned to the residents or credited to future space rents;
provided, however, no increase collected prior to December 5, 1980, shall be returned.
(g) Criteria to be utilized in rent increase reviews.
(1) Purpose of reviews. The Hearing Officer, the Housing Advisory
Committee, and the Council shall review the rent increase to determine whether the increase is,
or is not, fair and reasonable. Such review shall be conducted by applying the non-exclusive
criteria set forth in subsection (2) of this subsection (g) to the facts submitted to the Hearing
Officer.
(2) Non-exclusive criteria. The Hearing Officer, the Committee, and the
Council shall consider all relevant factors, including, but not limited to, increased or decreased
costs to the mobile home park owner attributable to utility rates, property taxes, insurance,
advertising, governmental assessments, cost -of -living increases attributable to incidental services,
normal repairs and maintenance, capital improvements, except those defined in subsection (h) of
this section, the upgrading and addition of amenities for services, except as defined in subsection
(h) of this section, and a fair rate of return on the property.
(3) Fair rate of return on property criteria. The Council finds and declares that
the following principles shall be applied in utilizing the fair rate of return on property standard
as a criterion in the review process:
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(i) All the provisions of this article shall be applied with the overall purpose
of eliminating the imposition of excessive rents while at the same time providing park owners with
a just and reasonable return on property.
(ii) The reasonableness of rent increases is not to be determined solely by
the application of a fixed or mechanical accounting formula, such as "return on investment", -pr
"return on market value" of the property; in particular, recent court decisions have discouraged
the use of a "return on market value" test.
(iii) The fair rate of return on property is but one of a number of non-
exclusive factors to be taken into account in reviewing the fairness of rent increases; it is to be
given weight, but not to dominate other relevant criteria in arriving at a final determination.
(iv) The Hearing Officer, the Committee, and the Council shall
impartially consider all relevant evidence in relation to the application of the non-exclusive
criteria. The extent to which the criteria are considered in the review process, that is, the amount
of weight given to any one of the several criteria, ultimately falls within the wisdom and best
judgment of said three (3) bodies.
(v) In conducting the entire process, guidance should be taken from
leading California case law decisions dealing with rent control issues and in particular, rent control
in mobile home parks. Such cases include: Birkenfeld v. City of Berkeley (1976), 17 C.3d 165;
Gregory v. City of San Juan Capistrano (1983), 142 C.A.3d 8; Cotati Alliance for Better Housing
v. Cotati (1983), 143 C.A.3d 296; Palisades Shores v. City of Los Angeles (1983), 143 C.A.3d
369; Oceanside Mobile Home Park Owners Association v. City of Oceanside (1984), 157 C.A.3d
887; and Carson Mobile Home Park Owners Association v. City of Carson (1983), 35 C.3d 184.
(h) Rent increases and capital improvement upgrade costs.
(1) Capital Improvement upgrade costs. Only those capital improvement costs
incurred to upgrade through additions, alterations or replacements, park facilities, assets, or
amenities, shall not be recouped from residents through rent increases, or any other special
assessment, unless the following procedure is first followed:
(i) The park owner shall first inform by first-class mail all park residents
of the exact nature, approximate cost, billing method, and billing duration of the proposed capital
improvement upgrade by written notice.
(ii) After allowing the residents a reasonable period of time (of not less
than thirty [30] days) to consider whether the capital improvement cost is one the residents believe
is necessary and desirable, the park owner shall then obtain formal written consent on a form
approved by the City from a simple majority of the total number of residents in the park. The
simple majority shall be calculated on the basis of one vote per coach space.
(iii) The costs of the capital improvement upgrade shall be prorated and
billed in a method mutually acceptable to the park owner and the residents.
For the purposes of this subsection, "to upgrade" shall mean to raise to a
substantially higher quality, or to substantially improve, the existing level of service. Examples
of capital improvement upgrades include, but are not limited to, swimming pools, spas, tennis
courts, clubhouses, clubhouse additions, fencing, children's play equipment, and other similar
improvements.
(2) Exceptions for governmentally mandated costs. Capital improvement
upgrade costs incurred because of the application of current day Building Codes, such as, but not
limited to, City Building Codes, Health and Safety Codes, and State, Federal, and Fire Codes,
shall be exempted from the resident consent provision set forth in subsection (1) of this subsection
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(h). The park owner shall obtain a written statement from the Building Official verifying that the
subject capital improvement upgrade arose from the more stringent current day Building Code
requirements before the exception set forth in this subsection may be utilized by the park owner.
(i) Leasehold agreement exemptions. Notwithstanding any provision
of this article to the contrary, leasehold agreements (that is, leases other than tenancies at will or
month-to-month) entered into between mobile home park owners and their residents shall be
exempted from the operation of the petition and hearing review process.
(ii) Forms. The City Manager is authorized and directed to develop and
require the completion of forms by interested parties at the time a petition is received by the
secretary. Until such forms are completed to the satisfaction of the City Manager, or his
designated representative, the petition and hearing process shall proceed no further. (Sec. 1, Ord.
439, eff. November 3, 1981, as amended by Sec. 1, Ord. 456, eff. June 3, 1982, Sec. 1, Ord.
507, eff. May 3, 1984, Sec. 1, Ord. 526, eff. January 3, 1985, and Sec. 1, Ord. 545, eff.
July 18, 1985.)
Sec. 2-2.904. Hearing Officer costs. Fee reimbursement.
(a) Administrative fee. There is hereby instituted a $1,000.00 fee to be paid to the
City for costs incurred in invoking the hearing officer procedure set forth in Section 2-2.903.
(b) $500.00 deposit. At the time the park residents file a petition in protest of a
proposed increase, the petitioners shall simultaneously post a $500.00 deposit with the Secretary
to the Housing Advisory Committee. The Secretary shall find that the petition is incomplete if
the $500.00 deposit is not posted. Further, the statute of limitation period of thirty (30) days from
the effective date of a rent increase shall continue to run in the event that the petition has been
found to be incomplete.
If the petition is in order and the deposit has been posted, the City shall promptly notify
the park owner that the hearing procedure will be invoked and that the park owner shall, within
ten (10) days of receipt of notice, post a $500.00 deposit equal to the petitioners' deposit. Should
the park owner not post the $500.00 deposit within the ten (10) day time limit, the residents shall
be under no legal obligation to pay the proposed rent increase.
(c) Responsibility for payment of administrative fee. At the conclusion of the
administrative hearing, the Hearing Officer, as a part of his responsibility to make findings, shall
make a recommendation as to the percentage that each party is to pay in satisfying the $1,000.00
administrative fee. The City Council shall make a final decision regarding the Hearing Officer's
determination based upon the final rent award.
(d) Remedies for nonpayment of administrative fee. Should any party refuse to pay
his portion of the required administrative fee, the City may pursue any civil remedy available, or
in the alternative, refuse to process a future petition by the same petitioners. In the case of park
owner nonpayment, park tenants shall not be obligated to pay proposed rent increases until the
administrative fee debt has been satisfied. (Sec 2-2.902, Ord. 439, eff. November 3, 1981, was
repealed by Ord. 507, eff. May 3, 1984, and added by Sec. 1, Ord. 613, eff. December 31,
1987). "